Solve Microbiology INICET 2021 1. A 6-year-old boy complains of cough and throat pain. On examination of the oral cavity, a white pseudomembrane was visualized. A swab was taken from it and stained as given in the image below. What is the procedure for the following staining? Acetone Albert's stain- I Acid Alcohol Crystal violet Carbol fuschin Methylene blue Safranin Gram's iodine 4, 8, 1, 7 1, 2, 5, 0 5, 6, 7, 8 3, 2, 4, 1 None 2. Identify the virus given in the following replication cycle Human immunodeficiency virus Herpes simplex virus Hepatitis B virus Coronavirus None 3. Which of the following causes an aplastic crisis in hereditary spherocytosis? Poxvirus Ebstein barr virus Parvovirus Adenovirus None 4. Which of the following is a xenodiagnostic method? Injecting Aedes thorax with the blood of a suspected dengue patient Rabbit ileal loop for enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli Injecting a hamster with splenic biopsy for diagnosis of leishmaniasis Intradermal test on guinea pigs for toxigenicity of Corynebacterium diphtheria None 5. A 24-year-old male patient presented to the outpatient department with cervical lymphadenopathy. As a part of the evaluation, the Paul-Bunnell test was done. What is the principle of this test? Complement fixation Heterophile antibodies Super-antigens Haptens None 6. Match the following in the Japanese encephalitis virus life cycle. 1-c, 2-a, 3-d, 4-b 1-c, 2-d, 3-a, 4-b 1-d, 2-c, 3-a, 4-b 1-d, 2-c, 3-b, 4-a None 7. Which of the following is a dematiaceous fungus? Mucor species Aspergillus niger Cladosporium Blastomyces dermatitidis None 8. A stool sample is collected. The specimen is processed for examination and is labeled at different levels as A, B, C, and D. Identify the level at which parasitic ova will be seen when viewed under a microscope. A C B D None 9. Identify the organism shown in this image. Ancylostoma duodenale Ascaris lumbricoides Strongyloides stercoralis Enterobius vermicularis None 10. The strict anaerobe among the following is Yersinia enterocolitica Burkholderia cepacia Stenotrophomonas maltophilia Prevotella None 11. A patient presented with meningitis, and the CSF sample was subjected to gram staining and microscopy and appears as shown in the microscopic image given below. Which of the following features/tests will be characteristic of the organism? Catalase negative, optochin sensitive Ferments glucose and maltose but not inulin Oxidase and catalase negative, does not ferment inulin Oxidase and catalase positive and does not ferment maltose or glucose None 12. A man presents with the following lesion after traumatic inoculation. Identify the causative organism. Sporothrix schenckii Phialophora Verrucos Mycobacterium scrofulaceum Madurella mycetomatis None 13. Which cell is involved in type 4/delayed type hypersensitivity? Neutrophil Cytotoxic T cell Macrophage Dendritic cell None 14. A 30-year-old laborer working at a construction site presented with fever and hemoptysis. The sputum sample collected for examination showed the following. The smear will be stained by which of the following sequences? Methylene blue-malachite green-acetic acid-water Carbol fuschin - acid-alcohol-methylene blue Methanol-methylene blue-acid-water Gentian violet - iodine - alcohol - saffranin None 15. Identify the component responsible for endotoxic shock in gram-negative bacteria. 1 2 3 4 None 16. Which pathogen causes an attachment-effacement lesions in the intestinal mucosa as shown in the image? Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli Enteroinvasive Escherichia coli Diffusely adherent Escherichia coli None 17. A 58-year-old patient had a tooth extraction three days back. He now presents with a mass in the submandibular region which is otherwise asymptomatic. There is no ulcer on the oral mucosa. On drainage of the discharge, it was foul-smelling with a lot of yellow granules. They showed gram-positive filamentous rods on grams staining. What is the most likely implicated pathogen? Mucormycosis Chromoblastomycosis Histoplasmosis Actinomycetes israelli None 18. A patient presented with fever, dyspnea, palpitations, and tachycardia. The echocardiography revealed vegetation in the septal leaflets. Tissue sections from them reveal the following findings as shown in the image. What is the most likely implicated agent? Right angle branching septate hyphae, Fusarium Acute angle branching hyphae, Rhizopus Acute angle branching septate hyphae, Aspergillus Pigmented septate hyphae at 90 degrees, Mucormycosis None 19. All of the following oncogenic viruses can integrate with the human genome to initiate carcinogenesis except? HBV HPV HTLV EBV None 20. A man with FUO has a job that requires traveling around the world. The bone marrow picture is shown below. Which of the following investigation would be the most appropriate in this case? PLDH, Plasmodium malaria Biopsy, Histoplasmosis rk 39 antigen test, Leishmaniasis ELISA, HIV None 21. Which of the following statements is True regarding trematodes? Schistosoma are monoecious Fasciola hepatica acquired through contaminated water Fasciola hepatica are seen in the intrahepatic biliary radicles Triclabendazole is the treatment of choice for all trematode infections None 22. Identify the organism from the lifecycle shown in the image given below. Oocyst Shedding: Oocysts are released by infected cats and shed for a limited time, typically 1–3 weeks. Sporulation: Oocysts take 1–5 days in the environment to sporulate and become infectious. Intermediate Hosts: Birds and rodents in nature become infected when they ingest soil, water, or plants contaminated with these infectious oocysts. Transformation into Tachyzoites: After ingestion, oocysts transform into tachyzoites. Tissue Localization: Tachyzoites mainly localize in neural and muscle tissues of the intermediate host. Development into Bradyzoites: Within these tissues, tachyzoites develop into tissue cysts known as bradyzoites. Feline Infection: Cats can become infected when they consume intermediate hosts containing these tissue cysts. Direct Cat Infection: Cats can also be infected directly by ingesting sporulated oocysts. Human Infection Routes: Humans can become infected through various routes, including consuming undercooked meat from infected animals, ingesting food or water contaminated with cat feces or contaminated environmental samples, blood transfusion or organ transplantation, and transplacentally from mother to fetus. Plasmodium knowlesi Cryptosporidium Cystoisospora Toxoplasma gondii None 23. A 45-year-old man developed generalized muscle spasm with arching of his back as shown in the image, a few days after sustaining a puncture wound to his leg. The toxin responsible for this type of abnormal posturing acts by which of the following mechanisms? Presynaptic inhibition of GABA and glycine release Presynaptic inhibition of Ach receptors Cleavage of SNARE proteins, preventing Ach release Postsynaptic inhibition of GABA None 24. Which of the following components of the fungal cell wall is not seen in mucormycosis? Ergosterol Beta 1, 3, glucan Mannoproteins Chitin None 1 out of 24 Time's up
