Solve Pharmacology AIIMS 2018 1. A patient presented to the casualty with signs of dehydration due to severe vomiting. The intern gave the patient a parenteral medication, following which the patient developed grimacing and abnormal posturing. What could have been the inciting drug for this reaction? Ranitidine Atropine Domperidone Metoclopramide None 2. Identify the wrongly matched pair of antifungals with its mechanism of action: Ketoconazole: Lanosterol-14-demethylase inhibition Terbinafine: Squalene epoxidase inhibition Flucytosine: Inhibits microtubule synthesis and thus hinders mitosis Amphotericin B: Sequesters ergosterol None 3. Which of the following parameters is used to assess the extent of drug absorption in a plasma concentration vs. time graph? Cmax Tmax T1/2 AUC (Area under the curve) None 4. Which of the following is not a side effect of salbutamol? Hypokalemia Hypoglycemia Tremors Tachycardia None 5. Which of the following routes of administration will not bypass hepatic first-pass metabolism? Sublingual Intravenous Oral Transdermal None 6. For the action of heparin as an anticoagulant, availability of which of the following chemical substances is mandatory? Thrombin Antithrombin-III Plasmin Thrombomodulin None 7. Which of the following drugs should be sold only on prescription from a registered medical practitioner? Schedule H drugs Schedule M drugs Schedule X drugs Schedule J Drugs None 8. What is the bioavailability of a drug administered intravenously? 10% 50% 100% Variable None 9. The loading dose of a drug is governed primarily by: Clearance Volume of distribution Bioavailability Plasma half-life None 10. Therapeutic index is used for assessing which of the following factors? Efficacy Safety Toxicity Potency None 11. A drug solution containing 500 mg/5 ml of the drug is given to you. You are provided with a 2 ml syringe (having 10 divisions for each ml). How many divisions of the 2 ml syringe need to be administered to deliver 180 mg of the drug to a patient? 1.8 14 18 10 None 12. Which of the following is gametocidal to all the species causing malaria? Primaquine Quinine Chloroquine None None 13. Which of the following drugs causes flagellate pigmentation? Doxorubicin Bleomycin Minocycline Vincristine None 14. Which is the anticoagulant of choice for the management of cancer-associated thromboembolism? Warfarin Unfractionated Heparin Dabigatran Low molecular weight heparin None 15. A drug label suggests storage in a 'cool' place. What is the temperature at which this drug is to be stored? - 2 degree Celsius 0 degree Celsius 2-6 degree Celsius 8-15 degree Celsius None 16. A patient with AIDS was treated with zidovudine, lamivudine, indinavir, ketoconazole and cotrimoxazole. He developed nephrolithiasis, central obesity, hyperlipidemia and insulin resistance. Which of the drugs could have been the cause? Indinavir Ketoconazole Lamivudine Zidovudine None 17. What is the drug of choice for scrub typhus during pregnancy and otherwise respectively? Azithromycin, doxycycline Chloramphenicol, doxycycline Doxycycline, azithromycin Doxycycline, doxycycline None 18. Which of the following new drugs has been approved for the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis? Piracetam Dabrafenib Edaravone Trametinib None 19. If carbamazepine is added to ongoing valproate therapy, what adverse effect is risked? Thrombocytopenia Hepatotoxicity Hyperammonemia Pancreatitis None 20. Which of the following is an example of a GPCR? GABA-A Muscarinic Nicotinic Insulin None 21. Which of the following is used in acute mountain sickness? Digoxin Dexamathasone Diltiazem Acetazolamide None 22. Which of the following anti-tubercular drugs is associated with ophthalmic toxicity? Kanamycin Rifampin Isoniazid Ethambutol None 23. What is the mechanism of action of dapsone, considering that it is used in the treatment of leprosy, fungal infections and, also for immunomodulatory actions? Folic acid synthesis inhibitor Cell wall synthesis inhibitor Protein synthesis inhibitor Cell membrane inhibitor None 24. A patient with diabetic macular edema developed glaucoma. Which of the following drugs would you consider giving last? Prostaglandin analogs Alpha blockers Pilocarpine Beta blocker None 25. What is the mechanism by which acetylcholine causes a decrease in the heart rate? Increase in afterload Increase in plateau Delayed diastolic depolarization Decrease in preload None 26. What is the mechanism of action of sodium nitroprusside? Stimulation of guanylyl cyclase Increased cAMP K+ channel opener Calcium channel blockage None 27. Diamox is given to a patient with glaucoma. It is a non-competitive inhibitor of the carbonic anhydrase enzyme. Which of the following would be the effect of this drug? Decrease in Km Decrease in both Km and Vmax Decrease in Vmax No change in Vmax None 28. Low apparent volume of distribution of drug indicates Low bioavailability Low efficacy Low t 1/2 Not extensively distributed to tissues None 29. Levothyroxine/liothyronine acts by binding to thyroid receptors. Thyroid hormone receptors belong to which of the following class of receptors? Nuclear receptor lon channel receptor Transmembrane receptor linked to tyrosine kinase G protein coupled receptor None 30. An infant had a serum bilirubin level of 33 mg/dL. The mother might have taken which of the following drugs during the third trimester for this to occur? Ampicillin Chloramphenicol Co-trimoxazole Azithromycin None 31. The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, 2018 was awarded to James P. Allison and Tasuku Honjo for which of the following discoveries? Discoveries of molecular mechanisms controlling the circadian rhythm Discovery of cancer therapy by inhibition of negative immune regulation Discovery that matures cells can be reprogrammed to become pluripotent Discovery of mechanisms of autophagy None 32. Lithium usage in pregnancy can lead to which of the following teratogenic effects? Facial defects Cardiac defects CNS defects Urogenital Defects None 33. Which of the following drugs does not require dose reduction in patients with renal failure? Gentamicin Amphotericin B Vancomycin Doxycycline None 34. Which of the following drugs does not increase the risk of bleeding in patients undergoing warfarin therapy? Carbamazepine Cimetidine Isoniazid Amiodarone None 1 out of 34 Time's up
