Solve Pharmacology INICET 2022 1. Identify the false statement about eicosanoids. Synthesized from arachidonic acid Synthesized from arginine Prostaglandins have 5 carbon ring Synthesized in platelets None 2. The half-life of letrozole is: 45 hours 70 hours 90 hours 120 hours None 3. Phospholipase C acts via which of the following G protein-coupled receptors? Gs Gq Gi Go None 4. A patient was diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis and was started on first-line antitubercular drugs. Which of the following drug acts by inhibiting the synthesis of mycolic acid layer? Rifampicin Isoniazid Pyrazinamide Ethambutol None 5. A young boy with a history of multiple blood transfusions presents with bone pain for the past 6 months. A peripheral smear showed sickle-shaped RBCs. Which of the following drugs are not used in the treatment of his condition? Hydroxyurea L-glutamine Voxelotor Bebtelovimab None 6. A man was brought to the emergency room after poisoning with an unknown substance. Muscarinic poisoning was suspected and he was treated for the same. What is the possible presenting feature which led to the diagnosis? Muscle fasciculations Diuresis Mydriasis Bradycardia None 7. A 30-year-old lady came to psychiatry OPD with symptoms of hypomania. There is a past history of maniac episode. Now, she is planning to conceive. Which drug should be avoided for being highly teratogenic to the fetus? Lithium Valproate Oxcarbazepine Olanzapine None 8. A lady who had undergone mastectomy for breast cancer is being treated with tamoxifen. How long should it be stopped for before she can conceive? 1 month 3 months Can be stopped and conceived soon after stopping No need to stop None 9. True statement regarding the administration of 5 alpha-reductase inhibitors is/are: Reduces testosterone levels Elevates Prostate-specific antigenlevels Reduces dihydrotestosterone levels Decreases Prostate-specific antigen levels 3, 4 1, 2, 3 2, 4 1, 4 None 10. The manufacturer of a drug company labels a drug as having 500 mg paracetamol. On quantitative analysis of the drug, it actually contained only 300 mg of paracetamol. What is this type of drug called? Spurious drug Unethical drug Misbranded drug Adulterated drug None 11. Which of the following anti-diabetic drugs is associated with the increased risk of fractures? Liraglutide Canagliflozin Rosiglitazone Voglibose None 12. Identify the correct match, regarding the drug and its adverse effect. Aliskiren - hypokalemia Verapamil - constipation Hydralazine - heart failure Atenolol - hemolytic anemia None 13. The active metabolite of cyclophosphamide is: 4-hydroxy cyclophosphamide N-hydroxy cyclophosphamide N-acetyl cyclophosphamide 4-acetyl cyclophosphamide None 14. Urinary alkalinization will be most useful in toxicity of which of the following drugs? Beta blockers Acetaminophen Calcium channel blockers Aspirin None 15. NAPQI is the metabolite of which of the following drug toxicity? Diclofenac Ketorolac Aspirin Paracetamol None 16. A hospital is conducting a study to check the efficacy of statins in multiple centers. There are 4-5 patients and half of them receive the drug and the other half receive the placebo. Neither the patients nor clinicians know which drug is being administered. What phase of the clinical trial describes the above scenario? Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3 Phase 4 None 17. Match the following drugs in Column A with their contraindications in Column B.     A-4, B-1, C-3, D-2 A-2, B-4, C-1, D-3 A-1, B-3, C-2, D-4 A-3, B-2, C-4, D-1 None 18. Which of the following statements is true regarding memantine? Its therapeutic effect is due to its action on NMDA. It is given at a daily dose of 15-30 mg/day. It is reserved for moderate-to-severe diseases. It is used as monotherapy and should not be used with other cholinesterase inhibitors. 1, 2, 3 3, 4 1, 2, 3, 4 1, 3 None 19. Which of the following is not an immune checkpoint inhibitor? Atezolimumab Pembrolizumab Cetuximab Nivolumab None 20. Which of the following statements is correct regarding clinical trials? Phase 2 is done on healthy individuals Phase 3 is always double-blinded Phase 4 is also called post-marketing surveillance New drug application is done after phase 4 None 21. Which among the following drugs is the new FDA-approved immune checkpoint inhibitor for carcinoma endometrium? Trastuzumab Pembrolizumab Ipilimumab Nivolumab None 22. Match the following teratogenic drugs with their teratogenic effects.  1-a, 2-b, 3-c, 4-d 1-d, 2-a, 3-d, 4-c 1-d, 2-c, 3-b, 4-a 1-c, 2-d, 3-a, 4-b None 23. A young man sustained a scorpion sting 2 hours ago. On examination, his blood pressure is 108/ 60 mm Hg; HR, 72 beats/minute, and respiratory rate, 32 breaths/minute. He also complains of breathlessness. How do you manage this patient? Metoprolol Ivabradine Prazosin Frusemide None 24. An experiment is being conducted on a cat spine to study the effect of acetylcholine. The blood pressure is recorded at each intervention and is shown below. What does phase 4 in the graph indicate? Potentiation of acetylcholine Antagonism of acetylcholine Muscarinic action of acetylcholine Nicotinic action of acetylcholine None 25. The extent of drug absorption is represented by: Area under the curve Tmax T1/2 Cmax None 26. A patient who is a known case of HIV is started on combined active antiretroviral therapy (CART). After 5 months of treatment, he develops hyperpigmentation in the palms and soles. What is the most likely drug causing this? Nelfinavir Zidovudine Emtricitabine Abacavir None 27. Dorzolamide is a Topical ocular carbonic anhydrase inhibitor Second-generation sulfonylurea Opioid receptor agonist Topical ocular carbonic anhydrase inhibitor None 28. A patient who is on treatment for hyperlipidemia develops gallstones. What is the mechanism of action of the causative drug that was given to this patient? Activates PPAR alpha Binds to deoxycholic acid Decreases VLDL Inhibits HMG CoA reductase None 29. A patient with erectile dysfunction is given sildenafil. The penile erectile function is found to be improved after the therapy. Which of the following mediates the action of sildenafil? cGMP cAMP Phosphatidyl glycerol and inositol phosphate Calcium None 30. The dose-response curve for three drugs in the same tissue is shown in the image below. Which of the following statements is true? Efficacy of drug A is more than that of drug B. Potency of drug B is more than that of drug A. Drug A & drug B are agonists. Drug C is a non-competitive antagonist. None 31. Match the following diuretics in column A to their site of action in column B. A-3, B-4, C-2, D-1 A-2, B-3, C-1, D-4 A-1, B-2, C-4, D-3 A-4, B-1, C-3, D-2 None 32. Which of the following drugs is a ẞ2 agonist? Dopexamine Dipivefrine Fenoldopam Mirabegron 4, 3, 2, 1 1, 2, 3 1, 2 3, 4 None 33. Alkalinization of urine will be helpful in the removal of Strong electrolytes Weakly basic drugs Weakly acidic drugs Polar drugs None 34. A hypertensive patient on medication presents with the lab values as shown below. Which of the following drugs should be stopped? Urea : 42 mg/dL Creatinine : 3.8 mg/dL K+ : 6.5 meq/L Na+ :137 meq/L  Losartan Metoprolol Amlodipine Furosemide None 35. All of the following side effects are more commonly seen with carbamazepine than oxcarbazepine, except Hyponatremia Hypotension Elevated levels of gamma glutamyl transpeptidases Rash None 36. Which of the following is the most effective oral drug in smoking cessation? Varenicline Muscarine Cevimeline Atropine None 37. Match the following drugs with the targets of their actions. A-3, B-4, C-2, D-1 A-4, B-3, C-1, D-2 A-2, B-3, C-1, D-4 A-4, B-3, C-2, D-1 None 38. Match the following antiarrhythmic drugs with their mechanism of action:   1-a, 2-c, 3-d, 4-b 1-a, 2-d, 3-b, 4-c 1-d, 2-b, 3-a, 4-c 1-d, 2-c, 3-a, 4-b None 39. A patient is brought with altered sensorium and seizures. Attender shows the laboratory report which reveals elevated transaminases. Which of the following can be used in this condition? Alprazolam Midazolam Diazepam Oxazepam None 40. Which of the following drugs increases trabecular outflow? Netarsudil Timolol Acetazolamide Brimonidine None 41. The lipid profile of a patient who suffered from acute coronary syndrome is given below. What drug can be used to treat this condition? Serum low-density lipoprotein: 127 g/dL Serum high-density lipoprotein: 32 mg/dL. Serum triglycerides: 278 mg/dL Rosuvastatin 10 mg Rosuvastatin + Fenofibrate Atorvastatin 80 mg Fenofibrate 160 mg None 42. An anti-arrhythmic drug is shown to have the following effect. It is effective in both atrial and ventricular arrhythmias. Identify the drug. Lignocaine Tocainide Propranolol Quinidine None 43. Which among the following is the false statement regarding statins? These drugs should not be stopped even in severe conditions like injury, surgery, etc. With long term use, there is slight increase in the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus. They can be given with verapamil and other enzyme inhibitors. Although HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors substantially reduce the risk of cardiovascular events, there is mild increase in lipoprotein a (Lpa) levels. None 44. An anti-arrhythmic drug is shown to have the following effect. It is effective in both atrial and ventricular arrhythmias. Identify the drug. Propranolol Tocainide Quinidine Lignocaine None 45. Finasteride is used to treat male-pattern baldness acts by inhibiting which of the following enzymes? Phosphodiesterase 5-alpha reductase 17-hydrolase Aromatase None 46. Rituximab is a: Monoclonal antibody which acts against CD50 Monoclonal antibody which acts against CD20 Polyclonal antibody which acts against CD20 Polyclonal antibody which acts against CD50 None 47. Which of the following is false regarding disulfiram? Does not stop cravings Starting dose is 250 mg Inhibits alcohol dehydrogenase Accumulates acetaldehyde 3 1, 2, 3 1, 2, 3, 4 2, 3, 4 None 48. G6PD ( Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase) can manifest with which of the following drugs? Chloroquine Primaquine Penicillin Tetracycline None 49. Choose the correctly matched pairs regarding the drugs used in schizophrenia: 1,2,4 1,4 1,3 1,2,3,4 None 50. A patient presented with a lesion, as shown in the image below. She is an immunocompromised patient currently on HAART ( Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy). What are the systemic antifungal drugs that can be added along with the HAART in this patient? Inj. Amphotericin B 8 weeks, followed by oral posaconazole Inj. Amphotericin B 4-8 weeks, followed by oral itraconazole Inj. Amphotericin B, followed by flucytosine Inj. Fluconazole, followed by oral fluconazole None 1 out of 50 Time's up
